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Cybercrime
Child abuse images and pornography
The proliferation of ICT has facilitated the means to easily gain access to, store, trade in, or possess child pornography in the form of images or text. The networks that are developed may operate on a social or a commercial basis. Various types of images may be available, including images of children, actors made to appear as children, digitally created images of children and pictures of children manipulated ('morphed') to appear in a pornographic context. There is evidence of considerable growth in the number of people who are involved in the exchange of images compared with those involved in the original abuse.
See also: Online grooming, sexual exploitation and abuse of children, Internet regulation
Australia
- Child pornography law (PDF 354kB)
Gareth Griffith and Kathryn Simon, Sydney : NSW Parliamentary Library Research Service. 2008 - Child pornography sentencing in NSW
Tony Krone, 2005 - Does thinking make it so? Defining online child pornography possession offences
Tony Krone, 2005 - International police operations against online child pornography
Tony Krone, 2005 - Unauthorised photographs on the Internet and ancillary privacy issues : discussion paper (PDF 669kB)
Standing Committee of Attorneys-General. 2005 - The problem of regulating online child pornography
Tony Krone. ABC Radio National transcript, 2004 - A typology of online child pornography offending : Full report | Fact sheet
Tony Krone, 2004 - Regulating youth access to pornography (PDF 102kB)
Michael Flood and Clive Hamilton. The Australia Institute, 2003 - Youth and pornography in Australia : evidence on the extent of exposure and the likely effects (PDF 124kB)
Michael Flood and Clive Hamilton. The Australia Institute, 2003 - Child abuse and the internet
Janet Stanley. AIFS Child abuse prevention issues, 2001 - Child safety on the internet : an analysis of Victorian schools using the routine activity approach
Shane McKenzie. University of Melbourne masters thesis, 2000 - Paedophile internet activity
Patrick Forde and Andrew Patterson, 1998 - Child pornography in the digital age
Anna Grant, Fiona David and Peter Grabosky. Transnational organised crime journal, 1997 - NetAlert - Australian Internet Safety Advisory Body
Other countries and international
- Child pornography possessors arrested in internet-related crimes : findings from the national juvenile online victimization study (PDF 249kB)
Janis Wolak, David Finkelhor, and Kimberly J Mitchell. US National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, 2005 - Violence against children in cyberspace : a contribution to the United Nations study on violence against children (PDF 1.58MB)
ECPAT International, 2005 - Consultation : on the possession of extreme pornographic material
Home Office and Scottish Executive, 2005 - Youth pornographic consumption : how similar and different are from other internet users (PDF 201kB)
Gustavo Mesch. Safety and security in a networked world conference : balancing cyber-rights and responsibilities, 2005 - Images of abuse : a review of the evidence on child abuse
Emma Renold and Susan J Creighton with Chris Atkinson and John Carr. National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (UK), 2003 - Internet sex crimes against minors : the response of law enforcement (PDF 226kB)
Janis Wolak, Kimberly Mitchell and David Finkelhor. National Center for Missing & Exploited Children (US), 2003 - Regulation of child pornography on the internet : cases and materials
Yaman Akdeniz, 2003 - A typology of cybersexploitation and online grooming practices (PDF 162kB)
Rachel O'Connell. Cyberspace Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire, 2003 - A cybercop's guide to internet child safety (PDF 1.68MB)
Glen Klinkart, 2002 - The contribution of hotlines to combating child pornography on the internet (PDF 50kB)
Nigel Williams. Childnet International, 1999 - Freedom of information in the face of world-wide concern about the sexual abuse of children, paedophilia and pornography on the internet (PDF 367 kB)
Aidan White. UNESCO expert meeting : Sexual abuse of children, child pornography and paedophilia on the internet, 1999