Cybercrime

Malware

Malware refers to malicious software. Software is potentially malicious if it can be used to harm either the computer on which it is hosted or another computer. Software may also be considered malicious if it is designed to install itself on a computer without the permission of the owner of that computer, particularly if it does so in a way that may compromise the security of the computer. Malicious may be loosely interpreted. A piece of software may be considered malicious even though it may have been launched with the intention of providing an arguable benefit. For example, the Nachi worm was intended to install updates from Microsoft's website. A wider term is unwanted software which includes spyware and adware.

Source: Australian Institute of Criminology 2006. Malware : viruses, worms, Trojan horses

• Resources:
• Australia
• Other countries and international

Australia

• Future directions in technology-enabled crime : 2007-09
  Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo, Russell G Smith and Rob McCusker. Australian Institute of Criminology, 2007
• The future of technology-enabled crime in Australia
  Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo, Russell G Smith and Rob McCusker. Australian Institute of Criminology, 2007
• Underground markets in stolen digital information
  Australian Institute of Criminology, 2007
• Zombies and botnets
  Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo. Australian Institute of Criminology, 2007
• Malware : viruses, worms, Trojan horses
  Australian Institute of Criminology, 2006
• More malware : adware, spyware, spam and spim
  Australian Institute of Criminology, 2006

Other countries and international

• Economics of malware : security decisions, incentives and externalities
  Michel JG van Eeten and Johannes M Bauer. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2008