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The Drug use monitoring in Australia (DUMA) annual report 2003 provides an overview of the patterns of drug use and criminal activity amongst police detainees (across seven sites in Australia). Within the questionnaire, detainees are asked a series of questions about their involvement in the local drug market in the past 30 days. Seventy per cent of detainees across all sites self-reported obtaining drugs in the past 30 days - 26 per cent paid cash only for the drugs, 23 per cent obtained the drugs without paying cash, while 52 per cent had used both methods to obtain the drugs.

Foreword| When on 5 January 1975 the coastal steamer Lake Illawarra collided with the Tasman Bridge, a crisis resulted which was quite unlike those due to fire, pestilence or famine in which there is considerable loss of life and devastation. In this case a city was suddenly cut in two and the resulting disorganisation was due to the destruction of the only direct means of communication between the two halves of the city, and a complete disruption of personal, community and occupational life.

Proceedings of an autumn seminar held 2 May 1988 (The Australian National University) and a seminar held 18-20 July 1988 (Australian Institute of Criminology)

Contents

• Introduction

Setting the scene

• Defining fraud and examining it as an issue which governments need to address
  
  Michael Tate
• From the newspapers
• Fraud on government: a criminological overview
  
  Dennis Challinger
• The Commonwealth Government's Fraud Control Committee: its brief and purpose
  
  Alan Rose

The Australian Institute of Criminology has recently released A typology of online child pornography offending, based on research funded by the Australian High Tech Crime Centre. Knowing the differences in how online child pornography offences are committed is vitally important to understanding and combating the problem of the sexual exploitation of children. There is an increasing seriousness of offending, from offences that do not directly involve a child, to offences that involve direct contact with children, from online grooming to physical abuse.

Foreword | The prevention of assault has been a high-profile, long-term concern for government and police agencies. However, while the nature and impacts of certain types of physical violence, such as domestic or sexual assault, have been extensively studied, this is not the case for more traditional forms of physical assault. Understanding the needs of victims of physical assault, particularly in an Australian context, is important in order to ensure that services are adequately able to address these victims’ needs.

Foreword | Fraud is Australia’s most costly form of crime with the Australian Institute of Criminology estimating that in excess of $8.5b was lost to fraud in 2005 (Rollings 2008). Consumer fraud alone has been found to cost Australians almost $1b each year (ABS 2008c). Most types of consumer fraud entail the use of so-called ‘advance fee’ techniques in which individuals are tricked into paying money—an ‘advance fee’—upfront in order to secure an anticipated financial or other benefit at a later date.

Foreword | Compared with large organisations, small businesses operate in a distinct and highly resource-constrained operating and technical environment. Their proprietors are often time poor, have minimal bargaining power and have limited financial, technical, legal and personnel resources. It is therefore unsurprising that cloud computing and its promise of smoothing cash flows and dramatically reducing ICT overheads is attractive to small business.

Foreword | There is emerging evidence that the Pacific Island region is vulnerable to the crime of trafficking in persons. Using information from a range of Pacific Island stakeholder forums and consultations conducted by the Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC), together with a review of the literature, key issues relevant to trafficking in persons in the Pacific Islands region are identified in this paper.

Foreword | This paper examines the evidence that would enable judgement of what is likely to happen to the incidence of fraud in the context of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), whether as a result of the crisis or of other factors that coincide with it. Normally, statistical data on crime and/or cost of crime trends is examined to enable determination of whether a problem is getting better or worse.

Online and cloud computing services are increasingly prevalent to the point where, for many people, they are integral to communication in their daily lives. From a criminal justice perspective, this makes them key sources of evidence for prosecuting both traditional and online crime (Quick, Martini & Choo 2014). However, the successful prosecution of individuals who commit crimes involving electronic evidence relies upon two major factors.

The Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC) is hosting the AIC 2023 conference on Monday 16 October 2023, commemorating 50 years since the establishment of the AIC.

The annual Australian Crime and Violence Prevention (ACVP) Awards were announced on 10 November 2005. The awards are sponsored by the heads of Australian governments and the members of the Australian and New Zealand Crime Prevention Ministerial Forum as a joint Commonwealth, State and Territory initiative. They recognise and reward outstanding projects that prevent or reduce violence in Australia, to encourage public initiatives and assist governments to identify and develop projects to reduce violence in the community.

Foreword | As our use of information and communication technologies increases and evolves, incidents of technology-enabled crime are likely to continue. Based on what we know today, this paper summarises a range of potential challenges that regulators and law enforcement agencies need to bear in mind.

Proceedings of a conference held 24-26 July 1990

Contents

• Unlived lives: trends in youth suicide
  Riaz Hassan
• Youth suicide in New South Wales: urban-rural trends 1964-88
  Michael Dudley, Brent Waters, Norm Kelk and John Howard
• Trends in youth suicide in Tasmania: a comparison between youth and other suicide
  Janet Haines, Elaine Hart, Chris Williams, John Davidson and Walter Slaghuis
• The prediction of suicide
  Robert Goldney
• An approach to the issue of youth suicide and attempted suicide in Western Australia